La carga de la obesidad y la hipertensión en una comunidad étnica minoritaria vegetariana: estudio en la comunidad jainista de Madhya Pradesh, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk2325Palabras clave:
Hipertensión arterial, Obesidad, Variables antropométricas, Población adultaResumen
Introducción: La prevalencia de la obesidad está aumentando entre niños y adultos en todo el mundo. La obesidad es uno de los principales factores de riesgo de hipertensión. Así, el estudio tuvo como objetivo documentar la prevalencia de la obesidad, la hipertensión y su asociación entre sí entre la comunidad jainista de la ciudad de Khurai, distrito de Sagar (Madhya Pradesh), India. Métodos: Se recogieron datos de 175 participantes pertenecientes al grupo de edad de 20 a 59 años. Se tomaron medidas antropométricas y se calcularon índices como índice de masa corporal, índice cintura-cadera y índice cintura-altura para evaluar la obesidad general y abdominal. La presión arterial se registró mediante un esfigmomanómetro. Resultados: La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad se encontró 25,71 por ciento y 9,71 por ciento. Mientras que el 54,28 por ciento y el 48,14 por ciento de los participantes tenían riesgo de obesidad central. La prevalencia de hipertensión fue del 41,14 por ciento. La obesidad y la hipertensión eran más frecuentes entre los hombres y las mujeres tenían más sobrepeso. La hipertensión tuvo una correlación positiva significativa (valor de p <0,01) con los índices antropométricos. El índice de masa corporal impuso el mayor riesgo de aumento significativo (valor de p <0,05) a la hipertensión. Conclusión: Los adultos jainistas tenían una alta prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidad e hipertensión a pesar de ser una comunidad vegetariana. Por lo tanto, se debe prestar más atención a esta comunidad para la prevención, manejo y tratamiento de enfermedades no transmisibles.
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