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Vol. 2 Núm. 2 (2022): Volume 2, Issue 2, Year 2022

Articles

Body Composition Assessment of University Athletes: Comparison Between the Data Obtained by Bioelectrical Impedance and by Anthropometry

Bruno Abreu
Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4150- 180 Porto, Portugal
Rafael Henriques
Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
João Paulo Figueiredo
Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
Helena Loureiro
Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk2221

Publicado 31-12-2022

Palabras clave

  • Atletas universitarios,
  • Composición corporal,
  • Impedancia bioeléctrica,
  • Antropometría

Cómo citar

Abreu, B., Henriques, R., Figueiredo, J. P., & Loureiro, H. (2022). Body Composition Assessment of University Athletes: Comparison Between the Data Obtained by Bioelectrical Impedance and by Anthropometry. La Revista Internacional De Cineantropometría, 2(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk2221

Derechos de autor 2022 Bruno Abreu, Rafael Henriques, João Paulo Figueiredo, Helena Loureiro

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

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Resumen

Objetivo: Comparar los valores obtenidos de los métodos prácticos más utilizados en la práctica clínica, por impedancia bioeléctrica y por antropometría de la composición corporal de deportistas universitarios. Métodos: Estudio analítico observacional cuya muestra incluyó 26 atletas de un equipo de fútbol universitario portugués. La evaluación de la composición corporal de los individuos fue ejecutada a través de bioimpedancia eléctrica y antropometría por un antropometrista ISAK nivel uno acreditado completando el protocolo inherente. Para el análisis de los datos se consideró un nivel de significación crítico del 5% para un nivel de confianza del 95% para contrastar las hipótesis entre las variables en estudio y sus correlaciones, se aplicó la prueba paramétrica de coeficiente de correlación lineal de Pearson. Resultados: Se destaca la variabilidad de la composición corporal evaluada en la muestra. Se encontraron correlaciones significativas para la masa grasa y la suma de los pliegues cutáneos (r=0,782; p=<0,001), así como para los pliegues cutáneos individuales. Respectivamente mediante la elaboración del diagrama de dispersión se obtuvo el siguiente r2= 0.612 lineal, que representa la correlación entre las variables. Se encontraron correlaciones similares en el contexto de la masa libre de grasa y las circunferencias. Sin embargo, en el caso de la relación cintura-cadera evaluada por bioimpedancia eléctrica y la relación cintura-cadera evaluada por antropometría, hubo correlaciones menores en comparación con los demás parámetros evaluados (r=0,441; p=0,036). Conclusión: Se pretende facilitar a los profesionales del deporte interesados la selección de métodos prácticos para evaluar la composición corporal de sus atletas, eliminando al mismo tiempo el riesgo de seleccionar métodos inapropiados. Se destaca la posibilidad de sustituir o complementar el análisis de bioimpedancia eléctrica con un método antropométrico accesible y viable como es la suma de pliegues cutáneos, especialmente en equipos de menor presupuesto como los equipos universitarios.

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Citas

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